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Chemistry From ‘I Don’t Get It’ to ''I Ace It''
🔬Chapter 7.1 - Dive into the Atomic World!
🎲 Multiple Choice Madness (Remember, more than one answer could be correct!)
7.1.1 The Nuclear Atom 🌌
Q1: Secrets of the Atom 🤫 Which is true about atoms?
a) 🏰 Atoms are like tiny castles with a nucleus at the center and electrons buzzing around. b) 🔋 The nucleus is the positive powerhouse, and the electrons are the negative ninjas.
c) 📏 An atom is mind-blowingly tiny, about 10^–10 m in size.
d) 🤏 The nucleus is even smaller, right? Well, it's not 10^–6 m.
e) 🎲 Is the atom's mass spread evenly like butter on bread?
f) 🔬 Or is the nucleus's size more like 10^–14 m?
7.1.2 What the Nucleus Contains 🧐
Q2: Heart of the Atom 💖 The atomic nucleus is like a treasure chest. What's inside?
a) 🕵️♀️ Mystery particles called nucleons?
b) 🥇 Gold-star protons?
c) 👾 Pesky electrons?
d) 🚀 Neutrons taking flight?
e) 👻 Particles giving a spooky negative vibe?
7.1.3 Nuclei of Atoms of the Same Element 🧪
Q3: Like Attracts Like 👯♀️ What's common in the nuclei of the same element?
a) 🎎 Is it the intriguing nucleons?
b) 💖 Is love for protons the secret?
c) ⚡ Does nuclear charge bind them together?
d) 🚀 Are neutrons the key?
e) ⚖️ Or is it all about the mass?
7.1.4 Neutral Atoms and the Formation of Ions ⚛️ ➕ ➖
Q4: The Ions' Dance 💃🕺 Which statement about ion formation is true? Atoms turn into:
a) 💪 Tough guys by gaining electrons, becoming positively charged ions.
b) 💃 Svelte dancers by losing electrons, becoming positively charged ions.
c) 👨🔬 Scientists by losing protons, becoming positively charged ions.
d) 🍋 Sourpusses by losing electrons, becoming negatively charged ions.
e) 🌚 Mysterious entities by losing protons, becoming negatively charged ions.
f) 😎 Cool cats by gaining electrons, becoming negatively charged ions.
Brain Break! 💆♀️💆♂️
7.1.5 Mass of Subatomic Particles ⚖️
Q5: Energy and Ion Formation 🌈 When ions form from neutral atoms, energy dances! When is it absorbed? When is it released? Explain like I'm five! 🧒👧 a) 🧲 When cations form, energy is sucked in, just like magnets pull iron! b) 🎈 When anions form, energy is released. It's like letting go of a balloon! c) 🤝 When we add an electron to a neutral atom, we're forming a bond and energy is released - it's like the satisfaction of a good high-five!
Q6: Weighing the Tiny 🐜 How do the masses of protons, electrons, and neutrons compare? What determines the mass and size of an atom? Who's the heavyweight champion here? The mass of a proton is 🥊 1 amu. The mass of a neutron is 💪 1 amu. The mass of an electron is 🕊️ 1/1840 amu.
7.1.6 The Nuclear Model 💎
Q7: Stability is Key 🔐 When we say a nucleus is stable, what do we mean? Is it steady like a rock or flexible like a gymnast? A nucleus is stable if 🏰 it can exist indefinitely like a timeless castle.
7.1.7 The Sizes of Atoms 📏
Q8: Where's the Electron? 🔍 In isolated atoms, where do electrons play hide-and-seek, and how do they move with respect to the nucleus? a) 🎠 Do they move in circular orbits of a definite radius like a merry-go-round? b) 🥚 Do they prefer egg-shaped orbits? c) 🤷 We have no clue about their moves! d) 🌌 Is the atom borderless, letting its electrons roam anywhere? e) ❤️ Or do electrons love being closer to the nucleus than further away?
Q9: Atomic Diameter in a Crystal ⚙️ Which statement about atomic diameter in a crystal hits the bullseye? a) 📏 It's the distance between two neighborly nuclei. b) 📏📏 Or is it half the distance between two nuclei? c) 🧐 Is it about 10^–10 m in size? d) 🧐🧐 Or about 10^4 times the diameter of the nucleus? e) 🎯 Is it the distance from the farthest electrons to the center of the nucleus?
7.1.8 Atomic Number 🔢
Q10: Unraveling the Atomic Number 🗝️ Which statement about the term "atomic number" holds the key to understanding? a) 📊 Is it the number of atoms in a given sample? b) 🥇 Is it the number of gold-star protons in an atom's nucleus? c) 💡 Is it the number of brilliant neutrons in an atom's nucleus? d) 💃 Is it equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom? e) 🎲 Is it Avogadro's magic number, 6.02x10^23? f) ⚡ Is it the nuclear charge, symbolized as Z?
7.1.9 Mass Number 💪
Q11: Mass Number Uncovered 💡 Which statement about the term "mass number" is accurate? a) 💪 Is it the mass in amu of a given nucleus, symbolized as A? b) 🥇 Is it the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element? c) 💡 Is it the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of an element? d) 🤝 Is it equal to the number of nucleons in a given nucleus? e) 🏋️ Is it the total number of protons and neutrons in a given nucleus?
Brain Break! 💆♀️💆♂️
7.1.9 Mass Number - Continued 🏋️♂️
Q12: Peering Into Protons and Neutrons 🔬 Let's deep dive into protons and neutrons. Which of these sounds true? a) 🧩 Are they fundamental particles that can't be split into smaller parts? b) 🌀 Are they made of smaller particles called quarks? c) 🚫 Or are they made of electrons?
7.1.10 Symbols to Refer to Elements in Chemical Reactions 🧪
Q13: Deciphering Nuclear Symbols 📚 The symbol ⁸O₁₆... sounds cryptic, huh? What does it refer to? a) 🌐 An atom of oxygen with 8 electrons orbiting a 16 amu nucleus? b) 💠 A nucleus of oxygen with a mass number of 16 and atomic number 8? c) 💦 Eight atoms of oxygen forming a water molecule of mass 16? d) 📜 A specific isotope of oxygen? e) 🎭 An atom with 8 electrons and 16 protons?
Q14: The A in ZXᴀ 🔤 The symbol A in ZXᴀ, what's it all about? a) 📜 Is it referring to a nucleus of element X with Z protons and A neutrons? b) 🔄 Or a nucleus of element X with A protons and Z neutrons? c) 💡 Or a nucleus of element X with Z protons and A–Z neutrons?
7.1.10 Isotopes 🧬
Q15: Decoding Deuterium 🧐 Deuterium... sounds complex, but what is it really? a) 🔍 Is it an element symbolized as ¹H₁? b) 🔄 Is it an isotope of hydrogen with a mass number of 2? c) 📜 Is it an element with nuclei symbolized as ¹H₂? d) 👥 Is it a hydrogen atom whose nucleus consists of a proton and a neutron? e) 💦 Or is it found in water in quantities less than 1% by weight?
Q16: Unmasking Isotopes 👥 Isotopes... heard of them? What are they? a) 🧩 Are they particles within an atom's nucleus? b) 👯 Are they nuclei of the same element with different masses? c) 🔄 Are they nuclei of different elements with the same mass? d) 🎭 Or are they nuclei with the same atomic number but different mass numbers?
Q17: Chemistry's Determiner 🔬 What's the Sherlock Holmes of normal chemical properties of an element? a) 🔎 The atomic number, Z? b) ⚖️ The mass number, A? c) 🎭 Or the number of electrons around neutral atoms?
Brain Break! 💆♀️💆♂️
Answers Which is true about atoms? Answer: a) Atoms have a nucleus around which electrons move. b) The nucleus is positively charged and the electrons are negatively charged. c) The size of a typical atom is of the order of 10–10 m. f) The size of a typical nucleus is of the order of 10–14 m.
The atomic nucleus contains Answer: a) nucleons. b) protons. d) Neutrons.
What is common to nuclei of the same element? Answer: b) protons (atomic number) c) nuclear charge
Which of the following about ion formation is true? Atoms become: Answer: b) positively charged ions by losing electrons f) negatively charged ions by gaining electrons.
When ions are formed from neutral atoms, energy may be either absorbed or released. In what case is energy absorbed? In what case is it released? Explain. Answer: a) When cations form, energy is absorbed, energy is needed to overcome the attraction between the negative electron and the positive nucleus. b) When anions form, energy is released in general. Formation of a bond always releases energy.
How do the masses of protons, electrons and neutrons compare? What determines the mass of the atom? What determines the size of an atom? Answer: The mass of a proton and neutron is 1 amu each, and that of an electron is 1/1840 amu. The mass of an atom is largely determined by the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. The size of an atom is determined by the space that its electrons occupy around the nucleus.
What is meant by a stable nucleus Answer: A nucleus is stable if it can exist indefinitely.
In isolated atoms, how do electrons move, and where are they found with respect to the nucleus? Answer: e) Electrons have a higher probability of being nearer to the nucleus than farther away from it.
Which is correct about atomic diameter in a crystal? Answer: b) It is the half the distance between two nuclei. c) It is about 10–10 m in size. d) It is about 104 times the diameter of the nucleus.
Which is true about the term “atomic number”? It is Answer: b) the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element. d) equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom. f) The charge on the nucleus of an atom and its symbol is Z.
Which is true about the term “mass number”? It is Answer: a) the mass in amu of a given nucleus and its symbol is A. d) equal to the number of nucleons in a given nucleus. e) the total number of protons and neutrons in a given nucleus.
Which is true about the term protons and neutrons? They are Answer: b) made of particles called quarks.
The symbol 8O16 refers to Answer: b) A nucleus of oxygen of mass number 18 and atomic number 8. d) A certain isotope of oxygen.
The symbol A in ZXᴀ refers to Answer: c) a nucleus of an element X with Z protons and A–Z neutrons.
Deuterium is Answer: b) an isotope of hydrogen that has a mass number of 2. d) a hydrogen atom whose nucleus consists of a proton and a neutron. e) found in water in quantities less than 1% by weight.
Isotopes are Answer: b) nuclei of the same element having different masses d) nuclei having the same atomic number but different mass numbers
Know that chemical properties are determined by Z Answer: a) the atomic number Z c) the number of electrons around the neutral atoms